Sedan · Ardennes

The Battlefield of Sedan

On 1 and 2 September 1870, Prussian and allied German forces trapped and defeated the French army at Sedan, capturing Emperor Napoleon III himself and effectively deciding the Franco-Prussian War in Germany's favour.

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Street-facing historic museum buildings and flags at Bazeilles near Sedan.
The Maison de la Dernière Cartouche at Bazeilles, associated with the fighting during the Battle of Sedan in 1870. Photograph: G.Garitan; CC BY-SA 3.0.G.Garitan / Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 3.0

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Sedan (Ardennes, France), where on 1–2 September 1870 Prussian and German allied forces encircled the French Army of Châlons, capturing Emperor Napoleon III.

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The Battle of Sedan was one of the most consequential defeats in French history: over 100,000 French troops were taken prisoner and the collapse triggered the fall of the Second French Empire. At the heart of the town stands the Chateau-fort de Sedan, begun in 1424 and, according to its own museum, the largest fortified castle in Europe. The fortress has been a classified Monument Historique since 1965 and carries the Musee de France label since 2003, housing exhibitions on the town's military history including the 1870 battle.

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The scale of the Chateau-fort de Sedan makes it worth visiting in its own right, and its museum places the 1870 battle within the much longer story of a fortress that has shaped the town for six centuries.

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